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Yo, dudes: Alpha males are a myth, according to actual experts on wolves

Manosphere misogynists like to tell themselves fairy tales about women. Their favorite such tale, repeated endlessly, is one called “The Cock Carousel” – sometimes referred to in expanded form as the “Alpha Asshole Cock Carousel” or the “Bad Boy Cock Carousel.” (Hence that Rooster-riding gal you see in this blog’s header about half the time.)

Despite the different names, the story is always, monotonously, the same: In their late teens and twenties, when they’re at the height of their sexual appeal, women (or at least the overwhelming majority of them) have sex in rapid succession with an assortment of charismatic but unreliable alpha males and “bad boys” who make their vaginas (or just ‘ginas) tingle. Then, sometime in their mid-to-late twenties, these women “hit the wall,” with their so-called sexual market value (or SMV) dropping faster than Facebook’s stock price. As Roissy/Heartiste puts it, in his typically overheated prose:

So sad, so tragic, the inevitable slide into sexual worthlessness that accompanies women, the withering tick tock of the cosmic clock stripping their beauty in flayed bits of soulletting mignons like psychological ling chi. A sadistic thief in the night etching, billowing, draping and sagging a new affront to her most preciously guarded asset.

While many women try to pretend they’ve still “got it,” even at the ripe old age of thirty, they inevitably have to either get off or get thrown off the “cock carousel.” At this point the more savvy women glom onto some convenient “beta male” who, while somewhat lacking in sexual appeal, will at least be a good husband and provider for them – and in many cases the children they’ve had with alpha male seed. Those women who don’t accept the new reality are destined to end up alone and childless, surrounded by cats.

To borrow the phrase South Park used in its episodes about Scientology and Mormonism, this is what manosphere men actually believe. Not only that, but they claim that this fairy tale is based on real science.

So who are these mysterious alpha males that get the women so excited? As one guide to pickup artist (PUA) lingo puts it:

In animal hierarchies, the Alpha Male is the most dominant, and typically the physically strongest member of the group. For example, in wolf packs, the “alpha wolf” is the strongest member of the pack, and is the leader of the group. This position of leadership is often achieved by killing or defeating the previous Alpha Male in combat. Alpha wolves have first access to food as well as mating privileges with the females of the pack.

Social status among human social groups is less rigidly defined than in the animal kingdom, but there are some recognizable parallels. Although people don’t often engage in physical violence to achieve dominance, there are still recognizable leaders in different fields who have wide access to material resources and women.

Because the qualities of the Alpha Male (such as social dominance and leadership) are attractive to women, many PUAs have adopted these ideals as models of emulation. In fact, the term “alpha” has come be shorthand for the qualities of an attractive man, and it is a common refrain among PUAs to be “more alpha” or to “out alpha” competitors.

There’s a certain logic to all this. But unfortunately for the PUAs and other manospherians the notion of the Alpha male is based on bad science. The notion of Alpha dominance, as the definition above notes, came originally from studies of wolf packs. Even if we assume that wolf behavior is somehow a good model upon which to base our understanding of human romance  – as manosphere men and evolutionary psychologists tend to do – the science behind the Alpha male wolf has now come completely undone, with many of those who promulgated the theory in the first place decades ago now explicitly repudiating it.

The problem, you see, is that the studies underlying the notion of the alpha male wolf, who aggressively asserts his dominance over beta males in order to rule the pack, were all based on observations of wolves in captivity. In the real world, wolf packs don’t work that way at all. Most wolf packs are basically wolf families, with a breeding pair and their pups. When male pups reach adulthood, they don’t fight their fathers for dominance — they go out and start their own families.

As noted wolf behavior expert L. David Mech, one of those who helped to establish and popularize the notion of the alpha wolf in the first place, explains on his website:

The concept of the alpha wolf is well ingrained in the popular wolf literature at least partly because of my book “The Wolf: Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species,” written in 1968, published in 1970, republished in paperback in 1981, and currently still in print, despite my numerous pleas to the publisher to stop publishing it. Although most of the book’s info is still accurate, much is outdated. We have learned more about wolves in the last 40 years then in all of previous history.

One of the outdated pieces of information is the concept of the alpha wolf. “Alpha” implies competing with others and becoming top dog by winning a contest or battle. However, most wolves who lead packs achieved their position simply by mating and producing pups, which then became their pack. In other words they are merely breeders, or parents, and that’s all we call them today, the “breeding male,” “breeding female,” or “male parent,” “female parent,” or the “adult male” or “adult female.” In the rare packs that include more than one breeding animal, the “dominant breeder” can be called that, and any breeding daughter can be called a “subordinate breeder.”

So the dominant male wolves – those whom manosphere dudes would still call the alphas – achieve this position not by being sexy badasses but simply by siring and taking responsibility for pups. To use the terminology in the manner of manosphere dudes, alphas become alphas by acting like betas. That’s right: alphas are betas. (For more of the details, see this paper by Mech; it’s in pdf form.)

Also, they’re wolves and not humans, but that’s a whole other kettle of anthropomorphized fish.

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Luzbelitx
10 years ago

Wow, WTF is that “Thought” Catalog article?

Lea
Lea
10 years ago

straw not star

Lea
Lea
10 years ago

No copy pasta for me, thanks.
I’m off for a picnic.
Toodles!

emilygoddess
emilygoddess
10 years ago

Sounds more like feminism. Woman want equality! But still want the door opened for them, meals paid for on a date, of course (!), and get on the life boat while the men stay behind cause there’s not enough space, etc etc etc. Woman want equality while keeping all of the benifits the traditional woman gets.

Women are a hivemind! Some women are traditionalists who want doors held for them, and other women are feminists, therefore all women want both liberation and tradition! Science!

(That was sarcasm, Robert, in case you couldn’t tell. I’ve never seen a feminist demand doors held or meals paid for, since we tend to think of those things as rooted in the belief that women are inherently weak. Don’t even get me started on the lifeboat thing; that wasn’t actually maritime custom, it just got famous because they did it on the Titanic)

All people were not created equal. It’s that simple. All this feminist propaganda isn’t going to change millions of years of evolution. The feminist goal of destroying the alpha male amongst other aspects of socoiety is disgusting. And weak people latch on. Feminism, the new religion, thank you feminism, for without you, we wouldn’t have the Fat acceptance movement. Laugh. Feminists accept and respect a womans choice (!), unless it’s wanting to be a stay at home mom.

Feminist feminist feministfeministfeminitsts…are you invoking Bloody Mary or something?

All people were not created equal. It’s that simple.

I’d ask for citations, but based on the above, you don’t even seem to know whether your sources agree with you or with the commenters here, and I’d hate for you to embarrass yourself further.

Feminism, the new religion

Do you even know what religion is? Feminism is missing a rather crucial element. Can you guess what it is?

without you, we wouldn’t have the Fat acceptance movement

I’m not sure whether to be annoyed that you find fat acceptance laughable, or amused that it’s apparently the worst consequence of feminism you could come up with.

At this point it’s pretty clear you don’t know what the fuck you’re talking about. Your criticisms of feminism are literally decades old and don’t reflect actual feminist thought – which is what happens when you get all your information from people pushing an anti-feminist agenda instead of reading or talking to actual feminists. That you expect to be taken seriously while waving your ignorance like a flag indicates either a massive fucking ego or a disconnect from reality.

Robert
Robert
10 years ago

I’ve provided plenty of proof alphas exist. Alpha males are not a myth. Bye.

Robert
Robert
10 years ago

NotMe, I challenge YOU.

I am the Robert here. Please pick a different nym; even Robert2 would do. But if you’re going to stick around, we need a better way to tell us apart.

Robert
Robert
10 years ago

@emilygoddess

In case you didn’t know, this site you’re posting on and spreading this false information that alpha males are a myth, is a feminist website.

grumpycatisagirl
grumpycatisagirl
10 years ago

But still want the door opened for them

No. I am perfectly capable of opening a door for myself. If someone wants to open a door for me, I say thank you. I also open doors for other people quite often. Sometimes even for dudes.

meals paid for on a date, of course (!)

No. I always offer to pay for my own meal on a date. The only reason I ever don’t is when the man is insistent I don’t.

and get on the life boat while the men stay behind cause there’s not enough space, etc etc etc.

No. There need to be enough lifeboats for everyone.

Signed,

A feminist
Is your head exploded yet?

fromafar2013
fromafar2013
10 years ago

@ The fake Robert

I’ll see your alpha male lions and raise you a clan of hyenas!

Also, that Body Language University (lol) link has bullet points that make ‘alpha males’ sound like assholes, abusers, and rapists.

For example:

“He freely touches others in the group, without expressed or implied permission”
and
“He might intimidate by staring, or he could simply use the unnerving tactic to demand attention”
or
“He’ll unapologetically interrupt conversations or monologues.”

Yeah, all of the red flags. ALL OF THEM. And it’s so full of so much debunked evo psych bull shit, none of which is cited, that it’s hard to believe it isn’t a parody.

From the about page “Hi, my name is Tonya Reiman. I am the author of “The Power of Body Language” and a media expert. I am the featured body language expert on The O’Reilly Factor.”

The O’Reilly Factor… That makes sense! Alpha males are like the tides! You can’t explain that!

And that pdf you linked to?

“Our results suggest that dominance hierarchy formation is a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought…”

a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought
a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought
a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought

You mean, like, it can’t be distilled down to ALPHA MALES?

cassandrakitty
cassandrakitty
10 years ago

Dear CheapKnockoffRobert – You are boring. You are also not an “alpha”, because they don’t exist. Even if they did, you wouldn’t be one, because you’re much too whiny and annoying. And also not a wolf. Now go make your own sandwich.

No love,

Feminism

leftwingfox
10 years ago

Alpha males are not a myth. Bye.

Welp. I’m convinced. :rolleyes:

moldybrehd
10 years ago

tl;dr – a shorter fake Robert – Alphas are REAL cuz my fee fees tell me so (facts are misandry), how dare you break the dream!!!1!!1!

cassandrakitty
cassandrakitty
10 years ago

It’s OK, little FakeRobert buddy. You can listen to Winds of Change and whistle along with your lighter held aloft while pretending that feminism is the Berlin Wall if it makes you feel better.

Robert
Robert
10 years ago

@grumpycatisagirl

1. Lets not pretend that most woman in the western world don’t expect men to open doors for them on a date. Equality with all the female ‘privileges’.

2. Have you ever insisted on paying for the date?

3. Society expects men to sacrifice themselves if a situation arises where only one can live. If the man saves himself he’ll be seen with disdain from many and if the woman lives she’d be showered with sympathy and support.
_______________________

@fromafar2013

So you agree alphas exist in lions?

As for the .pdf.

“Linear hierarchies, the classical pecking-order structures, are
formed readily in both nature and the laboratory in a great range of species including humans.”

“a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought”

Simply means it’s not as simple as physically fighting and winning thereby becoming the leader.

“You mean, like, it can’t be distilled down to ALPHA MALES?”

You’re reading comprehension is not strong and your understanding of the term ‘alpha’ seems very limited to chest thumping.
_______________________

@cassandrakitty

Resorting to personal attacks, I guess that means you’ve reached your intellectual ceiling.

Much love,

Robert

cassandrakitty
cassandrakitty
10 years ago

Keep the dream of future alphaness alive, little buddy!

sparky
sparky
10 years ago

So, Not-Robert has stated both this:

You feminists aren’t fooling people with your double standards and hypocrisy.

And this:

All people were not created equal.

So, Not-Robert has accused feminists of talking about equality and not treating others as equals and expecting women to be treated better, for instance, having doors held open. This is bad of feminists. This makes them hypocrites.

Then Not-Robert goes on to say not all people all equal.

How sad that Not-Robert has to grasp at straws like this. How full of hate-rage Not-Robert must be.

Fibinachi
10 years ago

@OtherRobert:

All people were not created equal. It’s that simple. All this feminist propaganda isn’t going to change millions of years of evolution. The feminist goal of destroying the alpha male amongst other aspects of socoiety is disgusting. And weak people latch on. Feminism, the new religion, thank you feminism, for without you, we wouldn’t have the Fat acceptance movement. Laugh. Feminists accept and respect a womans choice (!), unless it’s wanting to be a stay at home mom.

@OtherRobert’sReadingOfThePaperOnCichlidFish:

Linear hierarchies, the classical pecking-order structures, are
formed readily in both nature and the laboratory in a great range of species including humans. However, the probability of getting linear structures by chance alone is quite low. In this paper we investigate the two hypotheses that are proposed most often to explain linear hierarchies: they are predetermined by differences in the attributes of animals, or they are produced by the dynamics of social interaction, i.e., they are self-organizing. We evaluate these hypotheses using cichlid fish as model animals, and although differences in attributes play a significant part, we find that social interaction is necessary for high proportions of groups with linear hierarchies. Our results suggest that dominance hierarchy forma-
tion is a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought, and we explore the implications of these results for evolutionary biology, the social sciences, and the use of animal models in understanding human social organization

@TheActualPaperOnCichlidFish:

Linear structures should not be
assumed to result simply from variation among individuals or
from cumulative conflicts among pairs of individuals. Instead, to
account for the common occurrence of linear hierarchies and
provide more accurate accounts of how individuals acquire their
ranks, we must look at patterns of interaction across whole
groups and understand how these patterns produce hierarchy
ladders. Even in dominance hierarchies among simple creatures,
in which individual differences in raw physical power, aggression,
and strategy might seem crucial, interaction processes are vital
in providing the typical forms of social organization that we
observe. Simply put, the formation of dominance hierarchies is
a richer and more complex phenomenon than has been thought
previously

ie: “Alpha” is a meaningless term in dominance hierarchies in fish, because the expected hierarchies change a statistically meaningful amount of times (which means no One True Alpha Fish exists, but the state is fluid), which means that the process is a combination of social dynamics and individual characteristics, which apply even more when the process is applied to human beings, which you’ll find that the authors of the report also state at the very end.

Also that more than merely 0 % of the time, a non-linear hierarchy developed. And what that does to the theory is profound in its implications.

cassandrakitty
cassandrakitty
10 years ago

OMG, there’s game for fish! Do they have their own Chateau Fartiste too? This totally proves that game works.

grumpycatisagirl
grumpycatisagirl
10 years ago

1. Lets not pretend that most woman in the western world don’t expect men to open doors for them on a date. Equality with all the female ‘privileges’.

WTF. They’re just doors, dude. I can open them. Also “woman” is not the plural of “woman.”

2. Have you ever insisted on paying for the date?

Yes.

3. Society expects men to sacrifice themselves if a situation arises where only one can live. If the man saves himself he’ll be seen with disdain from many and if the woman lives she’d be showered with sympathy and support.

This is the least of the things wrong with your logic here, but society =/= feminism.

hellkell
hellkell
10 years ago

You feminists aren’t fooling people with your double standards and hypocrisy.

You’re not fooling anyone with your rank stupidity.

sparky
sparky
10 years ago

1. Lets not pretend that most woman in the western world don’t expect men to open doors for them on a date. Equality with all the female ‘privileges’.

Citation needed. I find it incredibly awkward when people hold doors open for me. I also don’t understand how a social custom based on benevolent sexism is “female privilege.” Or that feminists are fighting to maintain the all-important “female privilege” of having doors held open for women, rather than reproductive rights or closing the gender wage gale or encouraging girls and women in the STEM fields or anything like that.

2. Have you ever insisted on paying for the date?

Yep. I just paid for my family’s meal this Tuesday. Your point?

3. Society expects men to sacrifice themselves if a situation arises where only one can live. If the man saves himself he’ll be seen with disdain from many and if the woman lives she’d be showered with sympathy and support.

Again, citation needed.

Resorting to personal attacks, I guess that means you’ve reached your intellectual ceiling.

Oh no, gumdrop, this is mocking. You’re sad little world-view is being torn down by people who are much smarter than you.

cassandrakitty
cassandrakitty
10 years ago

No no, we can’t open doors. You see, the door-opening gene lives on the Y chromosome, right in between the not listening to anything women say gene and the trolling feminist blogs when you feel sad and insecure gene.

grumpycatisagirl
grumpycatisagirl
10 years ago

And Cool Robert, don’t worry. None of us could possibly confuse you with Not Cool Robert.

Fibinachi
10 years ago

@OtherRobert:

3. Society expects men to sacrifice themselves if a situation arises where only one can live. If the man saves himself he’ll be seen with disdain from many and if the woman lives she’d be showered with sympathy and support.

@OtherRobert’sLinkToSocialGroups:

http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/primate-sociality-and-social-systems-58068905

The least gregarious primates have what is often referred to as a solitary dispersed social system. In these primates, an adult male’s territory overlaps the territory of one or more adult females, but each individual forages alone and maintains social contact mainly through vocal and/or olfactory communication. These primates are typically nocturnal, foraging at night and sleeping in trees during the day. The mating system in these primates is usually polygynous (i.e., each male mates with multiple females). This type of social system characterizes galagos, lorises, some lemurs, some tarsiers, and orangutans. Notably, orangutans are the only anthropoid primates with a solitary social system.

Titi monkeys, owl monkeys, some callitrichids (marmosets and tamarins), and many hylobatids (gibbons and siamangs) are characterized by a pair-bonded social system. Here, one adult male and one adult female form a small social group and defend a territory from other pairs. The mating system in these groups is usually monogamous (only one male mates with only one female), though extra-pair copulations have been observed (Palombit 1994), and the male usually participates in offspring care, which is unusual for male mammals (Fuentes 2002).

OH MY GOD, NOT ALL PRIMATES ARE THE SAME? The male usually participates in off-spring care, unusual for male mammals? Differentiated social organization models varying between classes of genus? I feel faint! I must be getting the vapors! Forsooth!

Many marmosets and tamarins live in one-female multi-male groups characterized by cooperative breeding. In this type of system, usually only one female breeds, and that female suppresses the reproduction of any subordinate females via aggression and/or pheromonal (olfactory) signals. Usually there is more than one breeding male, thus the mating system is polyandrous, a rarity among mammals. Some or all of the individuals in these groups participate in offspring care and this social system is thus often called cooperative polyandry.

Huh. I know several subsets of the internet dedicated to that topic and some very odd slash fiction.

One of the most common primate social systems is the one-male group, which characterizes most colobine monkeys, most guenons, patas monkeys, howler monkeys, and some gorillas. Here, a single resident adult male defends a group of (usually) philopatric, related females from other males and, while his tenure lasts, enjoys exclusive mating access to those females (i.e., polygyny). Sometimes called harems, these groups are always at risk of takeover by non-resident males, who typically form all-male groups while awaiting their chance to become a resident male. Often, takeovers are accompanied by infanticide, in which the new resident male kills the young infants in the group. This behavior has the effect of bringing the mothers back into estrus (sexual receptivity) sooner than they would have otherwise.

Yeah, that’s more like it. That’ll prove the thesis. Now I just gotta forget about the titi monkeys, owl monkeys, the marmosets, the tamarins, the gibbons and the siamangs.

Also common among primates are multi-male multi-female groups, in which multiple individuals of each sex form large social groups in which the mating system is usually polygynandrous (i.e., both males and females are polygamous in that they mate with multiple members of the opposite sex). These are the largest groups of primates, and usually quite complex socially, with differentiated social and kin relationships among group members. This type of social system characterizes many monkeys, including macaques, most baboons, vervet monkeys, mangabeys, capuchins, squirrel monkeys, woolly monkeys, and some colobine monkeys, as well as some lemurs-most notably the ringtailed lemur and sifaka. In most of these species, females are philopatric and males disperse.

Similar to multi-male multi-female groups are the fission-fusion communities of chimpanzees, bonobos, spider monkeys, and some other ateline monkeys. Fission-fusion communities are less cohesive than typical multi-male multi-female groups. These groups occupy very large home ranges in which temporary foraging parties cleave and coalesce over time with changes in resource availability and female reproductive condition. These social systems are typically characterized by female dispersal and male philopatry.

The most complex type of social system found in primates, and in mammals as whole, is the multi-level society (also known as a hierarchical or modular society) characterizing hamadryas baboons (Figure 4), geladas, snub-nosed monkeys, and a few other mammals such as elephants. In this type of system, there are at least three levels of social structure: the one-male unit (OMU), the band, and the troop or herd. The OMU is the reproductive unit and consists of one “leader” male, sometimes a follower male, and several females; the band is the ecological unit that forages and sleeps together, and the troop or herd is a temporary aggregation at a sleeping site or foraging area. In hamadryas baboons, there is a fourth layer between the OMU and the band, the clan, which consists of OMUs and bachelor males linked by social bonds and possibly kinship among males. In geladas, bachelor males join together to form all-male groups. Reproduction in these societies is usually polygynous, and OMUs are always at risk of takeover by bachelor males, who may commit infanticide after taking over females with young infants.

…. and the macagues, baboons, vervets, mangabeys, capuchins, squirrel monkeys, wooly monkeys, sifaka, ringtailed lemur and the colobine monkeys (Who are not from Colombine, interestingly enough).

Moreover, one must be careful not to make assumptions about a species’ mating system simply upon observing its social system. For example, multi-male multi-female groups of gorillas may have an age-graded dominance structure in which only the oldest, highest-ranking (alpha) silverback male is allowed to copulate; in this case, the mating system is not polygynandrous (as one might expect in a multi-male group) but instead polygynous (Robbins 2011). Another example can be found in guenons, which live in one-male groups. During the mating season multi-male influxes occur in which outside males come into the group, copulate with the females, and then leave again (Cords 1988). The mating system in this case is not polygynous, which one would expect, but polygynandrous. Finally, gibbons and siamangs were first thought to be monogamous, but then observations of extra-pair mating (i.e., copulations with individuals outside of the pair-bond) confirmed that they are not always monogamous but sometimes polygynous, polyandrous, or both (Palombit 1994).

Holy fuck this topic is complex and not at all a simple little “Feminists want to destroy alpha males which is why weak men flock to their debased religion!”.

Didn’t even know we had geunons.

Also those gibbons are right rat bastards

Luzbelitx
10 years ago

1. Lets not pretend that most woman in the western world don’t expect men to open doors for them on a date. Equality with all the female ‘privileges’.

Let’s not pretend you wouldn’t complain just a much if a feminist told you “I don’t need you to hold that door for me, thanks”.